Terpenes are responsible for the taste and smell of cannabis. These aromatic chemical compounds are found on the trichomes (the frosty pieces on your flower) of cannabis buds and cause the strong, distinctive aromas and flavors. Different strains of cannabis have different terpene profiles, which contribute to their unique taste and smell. Terpenes can also alter the effects of cannabinoids like THC and CBD by either enhancing the potent effects or dampening some negative effects. Some terpenes exhibit anti-anxiety characteristics, which can reduce the negative side effects of THC like paranoia and anxiety. The combination of terpenes can significantly impact aromas and tastes, making them an important consideration for both recreational and medicinal users.
Terpenes interact with other compounds in cannabis, including cannabinoids, to enhance or mitigate their effects. This interaction is called the entourage effect and is what makes the molecules found in cannabis unique. Research shows that terpenes interact with cannabinoid receptors and cannabinoids to enhance or mitigate the effects of cannabinoids such as THC. While terpenes are responsible for the fragrance in cannabis, they also offer therapeutic potential for cannabis consumers. Different terpenes may promote relaxation, airway dilation, and soothing, sleep, or mental focus while others fight against bacteria. Most terpenes have the ability to interact with our endocannabinoid system in a similar manner, but the difference lies in how the body absorbs and uses them.
Limonene is a terpene that provides a strong citrus aroma commonly associated with lemons, grapefruits, limes, oranges, and countless other citrus fruits. It is the second most common terpene in nature and the third most common terpene in cannabis. Limonene is known for its potential stress-relieving properties and can be found in strains like Super Lemon Haze and Lemon Skunk
Myrcene is a terpene that provides an earthy, musky aroma and is commonly found in mangoes, hops, and thyme. It is the most common terpene in cannabis and is known for its potential sedative effects. Strains high in myrcene include Granddaddy Purple and Blue Dream
.Pinene is a terpene that provides a fresh, piney aroma and is commonly found in pine needles, rosemary, and basil. It is known for its potential anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator effects. Strains high in pinene include Jack Herer and Blue Dream
.Linalool is a terpene that provides a floral, lavender aroma and is commonly found in lavender, mint, and cinnamon. It is known for its potential calming and relaxing effects. Strains high in linalool include LA Confidential and Amnesia Haze
.Caryophyllene is a terpene that provides a spicy, peppery aroma and is commonly found in black pepper, cloves, and cinnamon. It is known for its potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Strains high in caryophyllene include Girl Scout Cookies and Bubba Kush
.Humulene is a terpene that provides an earthy, woody aroma and is commonly found in hops, sage, and ginger. It is known for its potential appetite suppressant and anti-inflammatory effects. Strains high in humulene include White Widow and Sour Diesel
.Terpinolene is a terpene that provides a fresh, herbal aroma and is commonly found in nutmeg, tea tree, and conifers. It is known for its potential sedative and antibacterial effects. Strains high in terpinolene include Dutch Treat and Golden Pineapple
.Ocimene is a terpene that provides a sweet, herbal aroma and is commonly found in mint, parsley, and basil. It is known for its potential antifungal and antiviral effects. Strains high in ocimene include Strawberry Cough and Chernobyl
.Nerolidol is a terpene that provides a woody, floral aroma and is commonly found in jasmine, lemongrass, and ginger. It is known for its potential sedative and anti-parasitic effects. Strains high in nerolidol include Skywalker OG and Island Sweet Skunk
.Phytol is a terpene that provides a grassy, earthy aroma and is commonly found in green tea and chlorophyll. It is known for its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Strains high in phytol include Chemdawg and OG Kush
